# Structural Equation Models

## Documentation for package ‘sem’ version 3.1-9

- DESCRIPTION file.
- Package NEWS.

## Help Pages

A B C D E F G I K L M N O P R S T U V

## -- A --

AIC.msemObjectiveML | Methods for sem Objects Fit Using the 'objectiveML', 'objectiveGLS', 'objectiveFIML', 'msemObjectiveML', and 'msemObjectiveGLS' Objective Functions
AIC.objectiveFIML | Methods for sem Objects Fit Using the 'objectiveML', 'objectiveGLS', 'objectiveFIML', 'msemObjectiveML', and 'msemObjectiveGLS' Objective Functions
AIC.objectiveML | Methods for sem Objects Fit Using the 'objectiveML', 'objectiveGLS', 'objectiveFIML', 'msemObjectiveML', and 'msemObjectiveGLS' Objective Functions
AICc | Additional Information Criteria
AICc.msemObjectiveML | Methods for sem Objects Fit Using the 'objectiveML', 'objectiveGLS', 'objectiveFIML', 'msemObjectiveML', and 'msemObjectiveGLS' Objective Functions
AICc.objectiveFIML | Methods for sem Objects Fit Using the 'objectiveML', 'objectiveGLS', 'objectiveFIML', 'msemObjectiveML', and 'msemObjectiveGLS' Objective Functions
AICc.objectiveML | Methods for sem Objects Fit Using the 'objectiveML', 'objectiveGLS', 'objectiveFIML', 'msemObjectiveML', and 'msemObjectiveGLS' Objective Functions
anova.msemObjectiveML | Methods for sem Objects Fit Using the 'objectiveML', 'objectiveGLS', 'objectiveFIML', 'msemObjectiveML', and 'msemObjectiveGLS' Objective Functions
anova.objectiveFIML | Methods for sem Objects Fit Using the 'objectiveML', 'objectiveGLS', 'objectiveFIML', 'msemObjectiveML', and 'msemObjectiveGLS' Objective Functions
anova.objectiveML | Methods for sem Objects Fit Using the 'objectiveML', 'objectiveGLS', 'objectiveFIML', 'msemObjectiveML', and 'msemObjectiveGLS' Objective Functions
anova.tsls | Two-Stage Least Squares

## -- B --

BIC.msemObjectiveML | Methods for sem Objects Fit Using the 'objectiveML', 'objectiveGLS', 'objectiveFIML', 'msemObjectiveML', and 'msemObjectiveGLS' Objective Functions
BIC.objectiveFIML | Methods for sem Objects Fit Using the 'objectiveML', 'objectiveGLS', 'objectiveFIML', 'msemObjectiveML', and 'msemObjectiveGLS' Objective Functions
BIC.objectiveML | Methods for sem Objects Fit Using the 'objectiveML', 'objectiveGLS', 'objectiveFIML', 'msemObjectiveML', and 'msemObjectiveGLS' Objective Functions
Bollen | Bollen's Data on Industrialization and Political Democracy
boot.sem | Deprecated Functions in the sem Package
bootSem | Bootstrap a Structural Equation Model
bootSem.msem | Bootstrap a Structural Equation Model
bootSem.sem | Bootstrap a Structural Equation Model

## -- C --

CAIC | Additional Information Criteria
CAIC.objectiveFIML | Methods for sem Objects Fit Using the 'objectiveML', 'objectiveGLS', 'objectiveFIML', 'msemObjectiveML', and 'msemObjectiveGLS' Objective Functions
CAIC.objectiveML | Methods for sem Objects Fit Using the 'objectiveML', 'objectiveGLS', 'objectiveFIML', 'msemObjectiveML', and 'msemObjectiveGLS' Objective Functions
cfa | Specify a Structural Equation Model
classifyVariables | Specify a Structural Equation Model
CNES | Variables from the 1997 Canadian National Election Study
coef.msem | General Structural Equation Models
coef.sem | General Structural Equation Models
coef.tsls | Two-Stage Least Squares
combineModels | Specify a Structural Equation Model
combineModels.semmod | Specify a Structural Equation Model
cov2raw | Compute Raw Moments Matrix

## -- D --

deviance.msemObjectiveML | Methods for sem Objects Fit Using the 'objectiveML', 'objectiveGLS', 'objectiveFIML', 'msemObjectiveML', and 'msemObjectiveGLS' Objective Functions
deviance.objectiveFIML | Methods for sem Objects Fit Using the 'objectiveML', 'objectiveGLS', 'objectiveFIML', 'msemObjectiveML', and 'msemObjectiveGLS' Objective Functions
deviance.objectiveML | Methods for sem Objects Fit Using the 'objectiveML', 'objectiveGLS', 'objectiveFIML', 'msemObjectiveML', and 'msemObjectiveGLS' Objective Functions
df.residual.msem | General Structural Equation Models
df.residual.sem | General Structural Equation Models

## -- E --

edit.semmod | Specify a Structural Equation Model
effects.msem | Total, Direct, and Indirect Effects for Structural Equation Models
effects.sem | Total, Direct, and Indirect Effects for Structural Equation Models

## -- F --

fitted.tsls | Two-Stage Least Squares
fscores | Factor Scores for Latent Variables
fscores.msem | Factor Scores for Latent Variables
fscores.sem | Factor Scores for Latent Variables

## -- G --

GLS.methods | Methods for sem Objects Fit Using the 'objectiveML', 'objectiveGLS', 'objectiveFIML', 'msemObjectiveML', and 'msemObjectiveGLS' Objective Functions

## -- I --

information.criteria | Additional Information Criteria

## -- K --

Klein | Klein's Data on the U. S. Economy
Kmenta | Partly Artificial Data on the U. S. Economy

## -- L --

logLik.msemObjectiveML | Methods for sem Objects Fit Using the 'objectiveML', 'objectiveGLS', 'objectiveFIML', 'msemObjectiveML', and 'msemObjectiveGLS' Objective Functions
logLik.objectiveFIML | Methods for sem Objects Fit Using the 'objectiveML', 'objectiveGLS', 'objectiveFIML', 'msemObjectiveML', and 'msemObjectiveGLS' Objective Functions
logLik.objectiveML | Methods for sem Objects Fit Using the 'objectiveML', 'objectiveGLS', 'objectiveFIML', 'msemObjectiveML', and 'msemObjectiveGLS' Objective Functions

## -- M --

math | Draw Path Diagram
miSem | Estimate a Structural Equation Model By Multiple Imputation
miSem.semmod | Estimate a Structural Equation Model By Multiple Imputation
miSem.semmodList | Estimate a Structural Equation Model By Multiple Imputation
ML.methods | Methods for sem Objects Fit Using the 'objectiveML', 'objectiveGLS', 'objectiveFIML', 'msemObjectiveML', and 'msemObjectiveGLS' Objective Functions
mod.indices | Deprecated Functions in the sem Package
modIndices | Modification Indices for Structural Equation Models
modIndices.msemObjectiveML | Modification Indices for Structural Equation Models
modIndices.objectiveML | Modification Indices for Structural Equation Models
msemObjectiveGLS | sem Objective-Function Builders
msemObjectiveML | sem Objective-Function Builders
msemObjectiveML2 | sem Objective-Function Builders
msemOptimizerNlm | sem Optimizers
multigroupModel | Specify a Structural Equation Model

## -- N --

normalized.residuals | Deprecated Functions in the sem Package
normalizedResiduals | Residual Covariances for a Structural Equation Model
normalizedResiduals.msemObjectiveML | Residual Covariances for a Structural Equation Model
normalizedResiduals.objectiveGLS | Residual Covariances for a Structural Equation Model
normalizedResiduals.objectiveML | Residual Covariances for a Structural Equation Model

## -- O --

objective.functions | sem Objective-Function Builders
objectiveFIML | sem Objective-Function Builders
objectiveFIML2 | sem Objective-Function Builders
objectiveGLS | sem Objective-Function Builders
objectiveGLS2 | sem Objective-Function Builders
objectiveML | sem Objective-Function Builders
objectiveML2 | sem Objective-Function Builders
optimizerMsem | sem Optimizers
optimizerNlm | sem Optimizers
optimizerNlminb | sem Optimizers
optimizerOptim | sem Optimizers
optimizers | sem Optimizers
optimizerSem | sem Optimizers

## -- P --

path.diagram | Deprecated Functions in the sem Package
pathDiagram | Draw Path Diagram
pathDiagram.sem | Draw Path Diagram
pathDiagram.semmod | Draw Path Diagram
print.bootsem | Bootstrap a Structural Equation Model
print.miSem | Estimate a Structural Equation Model By Multiple Imputation
print.modIndices | Modification Indices for Structural Equation Models
print.msemModIndices | Modification Indices for Structural Equation Models
print.msemObjectiveGLS | Methods for sem Objects Fit Using the 'objectiveML', 'objectiveGLS', 'objectiveFIML', 'msemObjectiveML', and 'msemObjectiveGLS' Objective Functions
print.msemObjectiveML | Methods for sem Objects Fit Using the 'objectiveML', 'objectiveGLS', 'objectiveFIML', 'msemObjectiveML', and 'msemObjectiveGLS' Objective Functions
print.objectiveFIML | Methods for sem Objects Fit Using the 'objectiveML', 'objectiveGLS', 'objectiveFIML', 'msemObjectiveML', and 'msemObjectiveGLS' Objective Functions
print.objectiveGLS | Methods for sem Objects Fit Using the 'objectiveML', 'objectiveGLS', 'objectiveFIML', 'msemObjectiveML', and 'msemObjectiveGLS' Objective Functions
print.objectiveML | Methods for sem Objects Fit Using the 'objectiveML', 'objectiveGLS', 'objectiveFIML', 'msemObjectiveML', and 'msemObjectiveGLS' Objective Functions
print.rawmoments | Compute Raw Moments Matrix
print.semeffects | Total, Direct, and Indirect Effects for Structural Equation Models
print.semeffectsList | Total, Direct, and Indirect Effects for Structural Equation Models
print.semmod | Specify a Structural Equation Model
print.semmodList | Specify a Structural Equation Model
print.summary.bootsem | Bootstrap a Structural Equation Model
print.summary.objectiveML | Methods for sem Objects Fit Using the 'objectiveML', 'objectiveGLS', 'objectiveFIML', 'msemObjectiveML', and 'msemObjectiveGLS' Objective Functions
print.summary.tsls | Two-Stage Least Squares
print.tsls | Two-Stage Least Squares

## -- R --

ram | RAM Matrix for a Structural-Equation Model
raw.moments | Deprecated Functions in the sem Package
rawMoments | Compute Raw Moments Matrix
rawMoments.default | Compute Raw Moments Matrix
rawMoments.formula | Compute Raw Moments Matrix
read.moments | Deprecated Functions in the sem Package
readMoments | Input a Covariance, Correlation, or Raw Moment Matrix
removeRedundantPaths | Specify a Structural Equation Model
residuals.msem | Residual Covariances for a Structural Equation Model
residuals.sem | Residual Covariances for a Structural Equation Model
residuals.tsls | Two-Stage Least Squares

## -- S --

sem | General Structural Equation Models
sem-deprecated | Deprecated Functions in the sem Package
sem.default | General Structural Equation Models
sem.msemmod | General Structural Equation Models
sem.semmod | General Structural Equation Models
sem.semmodList | General Structural Equation Models
specify.model | Deprecated Functions in the sem Package
specifyEquations | Specify a Structural Equation Model
specifyModel | Specify a Structural Equation Model
standardized.coefficients | Deprecated Functions in the sem Package
standardized.residuals | Deprecated Functions in the sem Package
standardizedCoefficients | Standardized Coefficients for Structural Equation Models
standardizedCoefficients.msem | Standardized Coefficients for Structural Equation Models
standardizedCoefficients.sem | Standardized Coefficients for Structural Equation Models
standardizedResiduals | Residual Covariances for a Structural Equation Model
standardizedResiduals.msem | Residual Covariances for a Structural Equation Model
standardizedResiduals.sem | Residual Covariances for a Structural Equation Model
startvalues | General Structural Equation Models
startvalues2 | General Structural Equation Models
std.coef | Deprecated Functions in the sem Package
stdCoef | Standardized Coefficients for Structural Equation Models
summary.bootsem | Bootstrap a Structural Equation Model
summary.miSem | Estimate a Structural Equation Model By Multiple Imputation
summary.modIndices | Modification Indices for Structural Equation Models
summary.msemModIndices | Modification Indices for Structural Equation Models
summary.msemObjectiveGLS | Methods for sem Objects Fit Using the 'objectiveML', 'objectiveGLS', 'objectiveFIML', 'msemObjectiveML', and 'msemObjectiveGLS' Objective Functions
summary.msemObjectiveML | Methods for sem Objects Fit Using the 'objectiveML', 'objectiveGLS', 'objectiveFIML', 'msemObjectiveML', and 'msemObjectiveGLS' Objective Functions
summary.objectiveFIML | Methods for sem Objects Fit Using the 'objectiveML', 'objectiveGLS', 'objectiveFIML', 'msemObjectiveML', and 'msemObjectiveGLS' Objective Functions
summary.objectiveGLS | Methods for sem Objects Fit Using the 'objectiveML', 'objectiveGLS', 'objectiveFIML', 'msemObjectiveML', and 'msemObjectiveGLS' Objective Functions
summary.objectiveML | Methods for sem Objects Fit Using the 'objectiveML', 'objectiveGLS', 'objectiveFIML', 'msemObjectiveML', and 'msemObjectiveGLS' Objective Functions
summary.tsls | Two-Stage Least Squares

## -- T --

Tests | Six Mental Tests
tsls | Two-Stage Least Squares
tsls.default | Two-Stage Least Squares
tsls.formula | Two-Stage Least Squares

## -- U --

update.semmod | Specify a Structural Equation Model

## -- V --

vcov.msem | General Structural Equation Models
vcov.sem | General Structural Equation Models
vcov.tsls | Two-Stage Least Squares